References

 

 

Bean, J. M. W.  “Plague, Population and Economic Decline in England in the Later Middle Ages.”  Economic History Review.  15 (1963): 423-437. 

 

The Center for Disease Control.  Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases.  “The Plague.”  http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/plague/info.htm.

 

Doty, M.D., Alvah H.  “Its Germ and Transmission.”  The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.  113 (1897): 3-11.

 

Drancourt, M., Aboudharam, G., Signoli, M., Dutour, O. and Raoult, D.  “Detection of 400-year-old Yersinia pestis DNA in human dental pulp: an approach to the diagnosis of ancient septicemia.”  Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the USA.  95 (1998): 12637-12640.

 

Duncan, C. J., and S. Scott.  “What caused the Black Death?”  Postgraduate Medical Journal.  81 (2005): 315-320.

 

 

Eisen, Rebecca J., et. al.  “Early-phase transmission of Yersinia pestis by unblocked fleas as a mechanism explaining rapidly spreading plague epizootics.”  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA.  103 (2006):  15380-15385.

 

Galvani, Alison P., and M. Slatkin.  “Evaluating plague and smallpox as historical selective pressures for the CCR5-{delta}32 HIV-resistance allele.”  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA.  100 (2003): 15276-15279.

 

Gilbert, M. Thomas, et. al.  “Absence of Yersinia pestis-specific DNA in human teeth from five European excavations of putative plage victims.”  Microbiology.  150 (2004): 341-354.

 

Hinnebusch, V. Joseph, Elizabeth R. Fischer, and Tom G. Schwan.  “Evaluation of the Role of the Yersinia pestis Plasminogen Activator and Other Plasmid-Encoded Factors in Temperature-Dependent Blockage of the Flea.”  Journal of Infectious Disease.  178 (1998) 8pp.  2 Dec 2006. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu.lp.hscl.ufl.edu/JID/journal/issues/v178n5/980242/980242.text.html

 

Keys, Thomas E.  “The Plague in Literature.”  Bulletin of the Medical Library Assoc.  32.1 (1944):  35-56.

 

Perry , Robert and Jacqueline Fetherston.  Yersinis pestis – Etiologic Agent of Plague.”  Clinical Microbiology Reviews.  Jan. (1997): 35-66.

 

Roberts, Charlotte A. and Anne Grauer.  “Commentary:  Bones, bodies and representivity in the archaeological record.”  International Journal of Epidemiology. 30.1 (2001): 109-110.

 

Schremmer, Robert D. “Plague”.  eMedicine. 4 Dec 2006.http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic1819.htm

 

Stenseth, Nils C., et al.  “Plague Dynamics are Driben by Climate Variation.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America.  103 (2006): 13110-13115.

 

TED Case Studies.  “The Role of Trade in Transmitting the Black Death.”  3 December 2006.  http://www.american.edu/TED/bubonic.htm.

 

The World Health Organization.  “Suspected Plague in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.”  7 November 2006.  http://www.who.int/csr/don/2006_11_07/en/index.html.

 

 

The Plague     Yersinia pestis     The Spread     Cultural Effects     Controversies     Modern Plague     References

 

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