The color wheel was invented by Isaac Newton (1642-1726). He worked with the spectrum of visible light, for which the range of colors goes from red to violet (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet -- a six-color sequence that can be memorized as ROY G. BV). The first system of color was invented by Aron Sigfrid Forsius (1569-1637), a Finnish astronomer. Goethe wrote his book Theory of Colors in 1810.
Illustration: Color Wheel