Koran/ Sunna
Caesaropapism
Iconoclasm
Medieval guilds
Governance in the medieval town
Charlemagne
medieval universities
Cyril and Methodious
Hagia Sophia
Vassalage
“fief”
Justinian
Clovis
treaty of Verdun
Hijra
Mecca
Medina
Great Migrations
Carolingian Renaissance
Burgers/burgesses