Bosnia Bibliography: Partially Annotated
(1999)


History (General)
History (1991 - 1996)
Ethnography
Travelogues
Migration and Refugees
 

     History (General)
 

     Banac, Ivo: (1984) The National Question in Yugoslavia: Origins, History, Politics.
     Ithaca. Cornell University Press.

     One of the most comprehensive accounts of the origins, development, and politics of
     the ex-Yugoslavia national question up to the aftermath of WW1. Although most
     studies on various aspects of ex-Yugoslavia's history dealt with the national question
     this is one of the first general studies of the subject. Banac shows connections
     between the failure of Tito's Yugoslavia and the failure of early royalist Yugoslavia,
     offers an explanation of why these failures were structurally unavoidable, and
     indicates that it was the inability of both regimes to establish a sincere and equal
     collaboration between South Slavic and other Balkan nationalities that finally led to
     destruction and disappearance of Yugoslavia. Excellent bibliography of primary
     sources on the period (453 pg.).

     Banac, Ivo: Nation and Ideology: Essays in Honor of Wayne S. Vucinich (eds. Banac
     I., Ackerman J. G., and Szporluk P.). Boulder. East European Monographs, # 95.

     Baseskija, Mula Mustafa Sevki: (1987) Ljetopis: 1746 - 1804. [Chronicle: 1746 -
     1804.] Sarajevo. Veselin Maslesa.

     So far available only in Bosnian language Baseskija's book is one of the most exciting
     accounts of Sarajevo's and Bosnia's history of the period (1746-1804). Born in 1731 or
     1732 Baseskija starts his chronicle in 1756 saying: "Here, I will record events that
     happened in Sarajevo and in Bosnia's vilayet since everything written stays and
     everything memorized disappears." Baseskija describes almost everything that
     happened: from weather conditions and prices on the Sarajevo's charshiya (market),
     data on earthquakes and fires, to data on new buildings, new rulers and numbers of
     deaths. This reconstruction of personal histories makes the context, in which social
     histories of Bosnians' exist patterned and gives this "Chronicle" a very particular value.
     The original "Chronicle" is in Gazi-Husrefbeg's Library in Sarajevo, written in arabic
     script, in Bosnian version of Turkish language. (472 pg.; original 165 pages
     /19x27cm/).

     Donia, Robert: (1981) Islam Under the Double Eagle: The Muslims Of Bosnia and
     Herzegovina, 1878 - 1914. [East European Monographs #78]. Boulder. (Distributed by)
     Columbia University Press.

     Book about political struggle of Bosnian Muslims during the period 1878-1918. The
     majority of this volume deals with the period before 1899, the year that marked
     beginning of the Muslim movement for cultural and religious autonomy [In 1906 the
     autonomy movement became transformed into a political party, Muslim National
     Organization, and after 1918 it was revieved as the Yugoslav Muslim Organization.].
     The book discusses political aspirations, demands and political debates of Muslim
     leaders during this period, and the organizational infrastructure of the Bosnian
     Muslims elites at the local and provincial level. Its organization is partly chronological
     and partly analytical. On one hand it presents basic information on ethnogenesis and
     social structure of the Bosnian Muslims (ch. I), origins and nature of Habsburg
     colonialism and the manner in which Bosnians responded to the 1878 occupation (ch
     II). Chapters III, IV and V deal with the different social composition and political
     histories of Sarajevo, Travnik and Mostar, the only three towns where Muslim protests
     were constitently launched. At the same time "Islam..." examines the emergence of
     the first province-wide political institutions in 1900 (ch. VI), the program and acitivities
     of Muslims in the era of party politics from 1901 to 1914 (ch. VII) and gives some
     conclusion about general position of Muslims in Habsburg Empire. Excellent
     bibliography of this period. (237 + xix pages).

     Donia, Robert and Fine, John: (1994) Bosnia and Herzegovina, A Tradition
     Betrayed. New York. Columbia University Press.

     Written by two Balkan specialists with unimpeachable credit this book is one of the
     most useful histories of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It offers a far more sophisticated
     view of the situation than either the press or current political leaders can offer. The
     authors do a good job of blending ex-Yugoslav with Bosnian developments, tying past
     experiences and present circumstances, and destroying historical myths and
     misconceptions that have fueled Western indecisiveness during the Bosnian war. The
     volume has several excellent maps, a useful pronunciation table and glossary and
     several black and white plates. Basic book for any undergraduate course on Bosnia
     and Herzegovina. (318 pg.)

     Dyker, A. David: (1972) The Ethnic Muslims of Bosnia -- Some Basic Socio-Economic
     Data. Slavonic and East European Review. pp.: 238 - 257. Vol 1:119.

     This comprehensive account on social and economic data in Bosnia aims to bring
     together the basic statistical information that could be obtained from censuses,
     biographical materials, etc.. Although somewhat outdated (1972) article gives a good
     picture on socio-economic background of Bosnians in general, and Bosnian Muslims in
     particular (from the material available) and may serve as a starting (methodological)
     point for more detailed and/or specialized studies.

     Fine, John: (1975) The Bosnian Church: A New Interpretation. Boulder. East
     European Quarterly.

     The link between the Bosnian Church (bogomils) and the Bosnians' conversion to
     Islam is one of the most contested points in the history of Bosnian peoples -- this link
     (and connected questions) is at the same time at the heart of the academic debate on
     the origin of the Bosnian Muslims. Fine points that there is no evidence about direct
     connection between Bosnian heretics/bogomils and Islamization and that there was no
     need for Bosnians to embrace Islam in order to retain their land or "save their lives."
     He also suggest that although the so-called heretic bogomils converted in great
     numbers, the evidence points to a multidirectional change of religion -- Catholics
     accepted Islam or Orthodoxy, Orthodox believers turned to Catholicism or converted to
     Islam, partly because of the absence of any strong church organization in the region.

     Franjevci Bosne i Hercegovine na Raskrscu Kultura i Civilizacija: (1988)
     Katalog Izlozbe. [Franciscans of Bosnia and Herzegovina at the Crosroads of Cultures
     and Civilizations -- Catalogue of the Exhibition)]. Zagreb. MGC.

     In the spring of 1988 the Institute for the Protection of Cultural monuments of Bosnia
     and Herzegovina, in association with the Franciscan Province "Bosna Argentina",
     staged a representative exhibition at the "Collegium Artisticum" in Sarajevo. A large
     numbers of exhibits have been restored for this occasion and exhibit demonstrated the
     continuity of a culture and art in this area, which has survived throughout the
     centuries and in the preservation of which the Franciscan Order has played a specific
     and outstanding role. The curators and authors of the exhibition comment and
     describe in detail exhibits (paintings and sculpture, metalwork, textile, archive
     materials, books, and, stone monuments) and offer a critical analysis of the
     appropriate artistic and historical background. This catalogue includes two
     introductory parts on "seven Centuries of Franciscan Presence in Bosnia and
     Herzegovina" (by Kruno Prijatelj) and a "Chronological Survey of the activities of
     Bosnian and Herzegovinian Franciscans (by Marko Orsolic) which place this exhibition
     and Franciscan Order in historical and cultural context of Bosnia and Herzegovina and
     Europe. This catalogue was published for the repetition of this exhibition in Zagreb.
     Some excellent maps and list of all exhibits. (pg. 246. fully illustrated [English and
     Bosnian]).

     Gow, James: (1992) Legitimacy and the Military: The Yugoslav Crisis. New York. St.
     Martin's Press.

     Hupchick, Dennis: (1995) Conflict and Chaos in Eastern Europe. New York. St.
     Martin's Press.

     Jelavich, Barbara: (1983) History of the Balkans. Cambridge. Cambridge University
     Press. Vol. 1, 2.

     Designed as an introduction to Balkan history this book covers both Balkan internal
     developments and the place of the peninsula in history. Major European events,
     political, philosophical and economic theories necessary to the narrative are also
     covered. It has two volumes. The first gives a general introduction of the major
     historical events in the 17th century and discusses in detail 18th and 19th century --
     the rule of Ottomans and Habsburgs and the subsequent national movements in the
     Balkans are emphasized. In international relations this volume covers the events from
     the conclusion of the treaty of Karlowitz in 1699 to the signing of an agreement on the
     Balkans between Russia and the Habsburgs in 1897.The second volume covers the
     events of the 20th century up to 1980. The major topics are the completion of the
     territorial unification of the modern nation-states; the great wars and their
     consequences and the measures taken to meet the enormous political, social, and
     economic problems faced by the "new" Balkan nations in the 20th century world.
     Excellent maps and illustrations. The basic history textbook for the Balkans.

     Malcolm, Noel: (1994) Bosnia, a Short History. London. Macmillan.

     Highly informed, lucidity argued, and immensely readable history of Bosnia from
     earliest times to 1993. Refutes claims that Bosnia lacks a distinctive cultural identity,
     dispels the myths of "ethnic hatreds" cultivated by many politicians and the media,
     dismantles bogus historical continuities, and demonstrates that the real causes of the
     war lie outside Bosnia itself.

     Norris, Harry, T.: (1993) Islam in the Balkans: Religion and Society between Europe
     and the Arab World. Columbia.

     Peculjic, Miroslav: (1963) Promene u Socijalnoj Strukturi Jugoslavije [Changes in
     the Social Structure of Yugoslavia]. Belgrade. Skolska Knjiga.

     Pinson, Mark (ed.): (1993): The Muslims of Bosnia-Herzegovina: Their Historic
     Development from the Middle Ages to the Dissolution of Yugoslavia. Cambridge.
     Harvard University Press.

     Purivatra, Atif: (1970): Nacionalni i Politicki Razvitak Muslimana [Muslims: Their
     National and Political Development]. Sarajevo. Svjetlost.

     Ramet, Sabrina: (1992): Nationalism and Federalism in Yugoslavia, 1962 - 1991
     (2nd ed). Bloomington. Indiana University Press.

     Ramet, Sabrina (1992): Balkan Babel: Politics, Culture, and Religion in Yugoslavia.
     Boulder. Westview Press.

     Singleton, Fred: (1985): A Short History of Yugoslav People. Cambridge. Cambridge
     University Press.

     Poviest Hrvatskih Zemalja Bosne i Hercegovine: Od Najstarijih Vremena do
     Godine 1463: (1943) (various authors) [The History of Croatian's Provinces of Bosnia
     and Herzegovina: From the Ancient Times to 1463]. Sarajevo. Hrvatsko Kulturno
     Drustvo Napredak.

     Henri Pozzi (1935) Black Hand Over Europe - War is Coming Again. London. The
     Francis Mott Company.

     Mr. Henri Pozzi, in his book, LA GUERRE REVIENT, an appalling expose of the situation
     of the national minorities in the Balkans and in Central Europe, tried heroically to call
     to the attention of the French people the dangers to which France and all Europe were
     exposing themselves should France continue to finance and support these ambitious
     parties of the Little Entente, and especially of Yugoslavia. But in vain. Political and
     financial interests controlling the French Press smothered the book. Mr. Pozzi also
     uncovers the first Serb links to the Nazis.
 
 

     History (1991 - 1996)
 

     Adamic, Louis. My Native Land.

     Ali, Rabia & Lifschultz, Lawrence (eds.): (1993) Why Bosnia? Writings on the
     Balkan War. Pamphleteer Press

     Substantial collection of essays and poetry on Bosnia -- a valuable contribution to the
     literature on the Balkan War. A portion of proceeds will go to a fund for the
     reconstruction of Sarajevo's National Library. (review)

     Allen, Beverly: (1995) Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in Bosnia and
     Herzegovina and Croatia. Minneapolis. University of Minnesota Press.

     A passionate and personal account of the contemporary genocidal campaign against
     the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina -- well documented testimony before the
     Hague's War Crimes Tribunal. "A relentlessly researched and passionately argued
     document, decisively refuting the claim that the atrocities of the Bosnian war are no
     more that the usual unintended consequence of any war. Allen demonstrates that, on
     the contrary Serb army leaders devised the strategy of systematic terror, based on
     the rape and murder of women, even before the fighting began. Her evidence is
     overpowering, from the texts of those secret meetings, to the voices of the women
     who suffered from this evil and the world's indifference." Tobias Wolff (author of This
     Boy's Life, from the cover of Allen's book. (180 + xviii pg.)

     Baker, Randal (1994) Summer in the Balkans - Laughter and Tears After
     Communism. Kumarian Press.

     "Randal Baker has done what dozens of high minded tomes on Eastern Europe have
     failed to do, namely shine the light of an honest bewilderment on what is, after all,
     Kafka's turf. In the process, he gives us real human beings in a real historical
     situation. He is, by turns, warm, mordant, cynical, affectionate, and reasonable. But
     above all, he is not condescending." - Andrei Codrescu, author and NPR commentator.

     Cataldi, Anna (1993) Letters From Sarajevo - Voices of a Besieged City. Rockpot,
     Mass. Element.

     Selection of personal letters from Sarajevo's battered inhabitants. Through this
     extraordinary collection of their letters to relatives and friends, we hear the moving
     voices of the victims of months of siege and bombardment. " The letters that writer
     Anna Cataldi has collected convey the authentic, unfiltered voice of Sarajevans. The
     ideas of a free mixing of peoples and of a civil society in which rights arise from law
     not from ethnic origin, are self understood and implicit in every letter. Some letters
     convey a cry for help from those who curse their suffering. But others reveal the steel
     in their souls." - Roy Gutman (foreword)

     Cigar, Norman (1995) Genocide in Bosnia - The Policy of 'Ethnic Cleasing'. Texas
     A&M University Press.

     "Genocide in Bosnia provides a detailed account of the historical events, actions, and
     practices that led to and legitimated genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina. It not only
     focuses attention to the horror of "ethnic cleansing" and the calculated strategy that
     allowed it to happen but also offers some interesting solutions to the problem."

     Cushman, Thomas and Mestrovic, Stjepan (1996) This time we knew - Western
     Responses to Genocide in Bosnia New York. New York University Press.

     Denitch, Bogdan. Ethnic Nationalism.

     Dizdarevic, Zlatko: (1993) Sarajevo, A War Journal. New York. Fromm
     International.

     Originally written as a column for a Croatian newspapers, Sarajevo... gives an
     account of war to all of us who have wondered (?) what would be like to live the life
     of a Sarajevo under siege. In his preface for this book Joseph Brodsky writes: "What's
     happening now in the Balkans is very simple: It is a blood bath. Terms such as Serbs,
     Croats or Bosnians mean absolutely nothing. Any other combination of vowels and
     consonants will amount to the same thing: killing people... In any case we should bear
     in mind that all this needn't have happened..." "Dizdarevic's sense of understatement,
     and the human perspective of his vignettes place this journal in the company of other
     great testimonies from the further side of the abyss" (from the Village Voice). The
     book contatins the glossary of events (up to the August 1993), the glossary of key
     persons, place and organizations, and some maps and black and white photos.
     (pg.193 + xxvi + black & white photos).

     Donia, Robert J. and Fine, John V. A. Jr. (1994) Bosnia and Herzegovina - A
     Tradition Betrayed Columbia University Press.

     Fine and Donia reject the idea that the current conflict in Bosnia is a result of "ancient
     tribal hatreds" and argue that the reasons for Bosnia's agony are more contemporary
     and political in nature than historical and cultural. Their work traces the centuries-long
     traditions of statehood and pluralism in Bosnia from the arrival of Slavic tribes in the
     6th century to the 1990's.

     Dragnich, Alex N. (1993) Serbs and Croats - The Struggle in Yugoslavia. San Diego.
     A Harvest Book. Harcourt Brace and Company.

     "In this highly informative account, Alex Dragnich discusses the ideals and hopes that
     the South Slavs brought to Yugoslavia, their tortured attempt to create a workable
     political system. and the reasons behind the recent chaos and violence. A story of
     cruel ironies, Serbs and Croats is popular history at its best." (liner notes)

     Drakulic, Slavenka (1993) The Balkan Express - Fragments From the Other Side of
     War. W.W. Norton.

     A collection of essays from the Croatian journalist, fiction writer and Fullbright
     Scholar, who's world has been crushed and redefined by the cruel war among the
     people of former Yugoslavia. The stories were written from April '91 to May '92,
     covering the war's effect on her friends, family, colleagues and fellow countrymen of
     all ethnic backgrounds.

     Epicenter Communications (1993) Sarajevo - A Portrait of the Siege. Essays and
     Photos. Warner Books, Inc.

     "No life is sacred to the besiegers of Sarajevo, including the lives of the
     correspondents and photojournalists who have covered the war there." So begins this
     extraordinary collection of photographs, words and images chronicling Sarajevans as
     they search for water, organize their resistance, run from snipers and comfort each
     other in basement shelters year-round.

     Feldman, Lada (at all. eds. ): (1993) Fear, Death and Resistance: An Ethnography
     of War in Croatia. Zagreb. Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Research.

     Filipovic, Zlata: (1994) Zlata's Diary: A Child Life in Sarajevo. New York. Penguin
     Books.

     The diary of Zlata Filipovic is a witness and a chronicle of the horrors of the war: the
     deaths of friends, food shortages, days spent in a neighbor's cellar, and a childhood
     destroyed by war. Over the months Zlata watched her world falling apart and although
     we may think that she could not comprehend the issues that had become all-important
     -- ethnic war, Geneva talks, Lord Owen and the division of her country -- she gives us
     a sound and painful depiction of the society where nothing is the same and nothing
     could be ever the same again. "I'm all alone here" she wrote. While reading her Diary
     one may think about things a child should not be seeing and living, and, about all
     those other thousands in Bosnia and Herzegovina like her: besieged, frightened, their
     short lives suddenly ground to a halt. (pg. 197 + xvii + color photos).

     Fogolquist, Alan, Ph.D. (1993) Handbook of facts on the breakup of Yugoslavia -
     International Policy and the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina

     A documentation of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina as a war of aggression from the
     outside, even through it has internal ethnic dimensions. This short primer offers a
     step-by-step analysis, from Slovenia and Croatia's the first multi-party elections in 50
     years to the specific military strategies other nations that could use to assists the
     cause of democracy in Bosnia. (Available directly. Call (310) 454-1577)

     Gjelten, Tom: (1995) Sarajevo Daily: A City and its Newspapers Under Siege. New
     York. Harper Collins Publishers, Inc.

     "This is an indispensable book about the heroic role of the decent, secular journalism
     of Oslobodjenje in the midst of massive carnage and the rise of tribal politics of ethnic
     identity." - Bogdan Denitch, professor of political sociology at CUNY.
     "Tom Gjelten has told an inspiring story of a courageous newspaper in a courageous
     city. Sarajevo Daily is the best account I have seen of a multiethnic society's heroic
     and human resistance to attacks by the apostles of Balkan apartheid. for Americans,
     whose country is built on diversity, Sarajevo Daily should be a call to action." - Warren
     Zimmerman, ambassador to Yugoslavia 1989-1992.

     Glenny, Misha. The Fall of Yugoslavia

     A journalist give his first-hand glimpse into the mentality, personalities and behaviours
     of the leaders of the Balkan Wars.

     Grebo, Zdravko (ed.): (1993) 1001 Noc: Sarajevske Price - Tausend und eine Nacht
     [100&1 Night - Sarajevo's Stories]. Sarajevo. ZID.

     A compilation of stories from Sarajevo in Bosnian and English. Some authors: Srdjan
     Vuletic, Goran Samardzic, Nedzad Ibrisimovic, Marko Vesovic, Selim Arnaut, Ismet
     Bajramovic-Celo, Boro Kontic, Nermina Zildzo, Petar Finci, Alma Lazarevska, Ivan
     Straus, Tvrtko Kulenovic, fra Ljubo Lucic, Jeff Anderson, Miljenko Jergovic, Abdulah
     Sidran, Muhamed Dzelilovic, Tihomir Loza, Ferida Durakovic, Ivan Lovrenovic, Joan
     Baez, Jovan Divjak, Haris Pasovic, Manojlo Tomic, Andre Glucksmann, and Semezdin
     Mehmedinovic (co-editor of the book). (review)

     Gutman, Roy: (1993) A Witness to Genocide. New York. Macmillan Publishing
     Company.

     A compilation of Newsday, New York, foreign correspondent Roy Gutman's reports
     from Bosnia and Herzegovina which won a 1993 Pulitzer Prize. Gutman and his
     photographer Andree Kaiser were one of the first Western journalists to visit the
     concentration camps in Bosnia and their work was partially responsible for the United
     Nations' condemnation of the camps. This book includes survivors' accounts of the
     concentration camps, the articles on the murder of prisoners and the
     Serbian-government-ordered rape of Muslim girls and women, and the articles on the
     destruction of Bosnian historical and cultural heritage. (pg. 180 + xlii + black&white
     photos).

     Hall, Brian (1994) The Imposible Country - A Journey Through the Last Days of
     Yugoslavia. London. Secker & Warburg.

     Beautifully written travel book that interlaces crisp descriptions of well known localities
     in Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Serbia, and Kosovo with memorable portraits of friends,
     and public figures whom the author visits or meets. Historical and cultural
     observations smoothly round off these accounts. Abstains from taking sides in favour
     of the stance of playful, ironic detachment that is the trademark of the genre.

     Heuvel van den, Martin (ed.): (1992) The Disintegration of Yugoslavia. Atlanta,
     GA. Yearbook of European Studies.

     A compilation of the articles by several authors (Banac, van Dartel, Shoup, Simic,
     Vukadinovic, Koch...) that came as a result of a symposium "The Uncertain Future of
     Yugoslavia" held in Holland in November of 1991. Topics covered: the relationshiop
     between the Serbian Orhotdox Church and Serbian State, the "Yugoslav ideas", the
     nationality question up to 1980, the relationship between Serbs and Albanians in
     Kosova, and, a general text on nations and nationalisms. Martin Lak, from the
     Holland's Ministry of Foreign Affairs gives an overview of the enedavours made by the
     European Community to stop the war and reach cease-fire accords, and closing
     remarks offer an overview on some possible scenarios for the future. (218 + xi pg.)

     Kaplan, Robert (1994) Balkan Ghosts - A Journey Through History. Vintage
     Departures.

     "As Kaplan travels from the breakway states of yugoslavia to Romania, Bulgaria, and
     Greece, he reconstructs the Balkan's history as a time warp in which ancient passions
     and hatredes are continually resurrected." (back page)
     This is an interesting book, packed with information and superb observations. Kaplan
     shows clear bias regarding some regional issues, such as the ethnicity of
     Macedonians, for instance, and he skillfuly uses his writing talent to steer the reader
     towards his "side". At times his characters turn into caricatures.

     Karahasan, Dzevad: (1994) Sarajevo, Exodus of a City. New York. Kodansha.

     This book gives readers a meaningful cultural, literary and historical context for
     thinking about the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Karahasan, former dean of the
     Academy of the Theatrical Arts at the University of Sarajevo, sketches a cultural
     portrait of pre-war and war Sarajevo and intertwines it with descriptions of the siege
     and descriptions of how his life and those of his neighbors were devastated by war.
     He also raises critical questions about the role of literature in war, condemning those
     writers who are indifferent to the ethical code of their work and examining what he
     and others could have done to prevent the dismemberment of his country. If there is
     one part of this book to be read than maybe "An argument with a Frenchman", and
     "Letters among friends" deserve particular attention. (125 + ix pg.) (extended review)

     Kirsch, Jonathan. Turning a Blind Eye to Genocide in Bosnia. Los Angeles. Los
     Angeles Times (review)

     Kurspahic, Kemal (1997) As Long As Sarajevo Exists. Stony Creek. The
     Pamphleteer's Press.

     (Winner of the Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting),1997.
     Reviews:
     John F. Burns, The New York Times
     Recipient of the Pulitzer Prize for:
     International Reporting (1993) -- Bosnia coverage
     International Reporting (1997) -- Afghan Coverage
     Peter Mass, The Washington Post's former Correspondent in Bosnia
     Author of Love Thy Neighbour - A War Story
     Tom Gjelten, Diplomatic Correspondent for National Public Radio
     Author of Sarajevo Daily - A City and its Newspaper Under Siege
     "There were many wartime heroes in Sarajevo, but none has told the day-to-day,
     moment-by-moment, story of daring, death, and triumph that Kemal Kurspahic shares
     in As Long as Sarajevo Exists... A gripping, awe-inspiring book." (order info)

     Lenard, B. and Cohen, J. (1993) Broken Bonds - The Desintegration of Yugoslavia.
     Westview Press.

     Says John Lampe from the Woodrow Wilson Center, "..Cohen manages to bring his
     eminently reliable account into early 1193 and covers the controversy over the
     Vance-Owen Plan for Bosnia. As a political scientist, he links the bloody brutalities in
     Croatia and Bosnia-Herzegovina since 1991 with the political impasse that precipitated
     the fighting."

     Magas, Branka: (1993) The Destruction of Yugoslavia, Tracking the Breakup: 1980 -
     1992. New York. Verso.

     This book is a "documentary" of Yugoslavia's disintegration: it tracks the events that
     occured in last 12 years (1980 -1992) and demonstrates the different options that
     were avaliable for the "Yugoslav" problem at different moments in time. Texts, in
     chronological order, offer a coherent narrative of the years leading to the country's
     break-up. The Kosova issue has been considered first and with this Magas reminds us
     that the destruction of Yugoslavia started in Kosova in 1981. A must read for better
     understanding of ex-Yugoslavia's histories. Some maps and useful tables. (366 + xxv
     pg.)

     Mennard, Michael (1992) Origins of Animosity in Yugoslavia. The Washington Post.

     The Washington Post, 6 June 1992, file 611 Dialog Information Services, Inc. 2075854.
     [Editorial].

     Mestrovic, Stjepan G. (1994) The Balkanization of the West. Routledge.

     Analyzes the West's passive reaction to the current Balkan War. Special attention is
     paid to the role of media and its presuppositions coverage.

     Mestrovic, Stjepan G. The Road From Paradise - Prospects From Democracy in
     Eastern Europe. Lexington. University of Press of Kentucky.

     Mestrovic, Stjepan G. with Letica, Slaven and Goreta, Miroslav (1993) Habits
     of the Balkan Heart. Texas A&M University Press.

     Applies the notion of "social character" exploring the differences among Serbs, Croats,
     and Muslims in the ex-Yugoslavia.

     Moore, Patrick. The 'Question of All Questions' - Internal Borders

     Prstojevic, Miroslav: (1993) Survival Guide. sp. [Croatia]. FAMA.

     This Survival Guide was written in Sarajevo between April of 1992 and April of 1993.
     It intends to be a version of "Hachette's World Guides", a part of tourist mythology
     which postulated History, Art, Food, and Shopping as the fundamental values of World
     Culture. This Guide, with its War Cookbook, its chapters on Shopping, Transportation,
     Recreation and Sarajevo By Night, puts an end to our lighthearted wandering across
     the globe and it will definitely change our cultural and geographic perspective and our
     tourist morality. (pg. 96, fully ilustrated).

     Ramet, Sabrina Petra. Balkan Babel - Politics, Culture and Religion in Yugoslavia.
     Westview Press.

     Rieff, David: (1995) Slaughterhouse: Bosnia and the Failure of the West. New York.
     Simon and Schuster.(review)

     Sanz, Dr. Timothy (1992) The Yugoslav Conflict - Review of the literature

     Originally published in European Security, vol. 1, number 3 (Autumn 1992), pp.
     427-441.

     Scharf, Michael (1997) Balkan Justice - the Story Behind the First International War
     Crimes Trial Since Nuremberg. Durham. Carolina Academic Press.

     The book focuses on the early phases of the Tribunal and on the Tadic trial, with a
     clear and compelling presentation of the picture of organized atrocities in the
     Prijedor-Kozarac region as demonstrated by witnesses against Tadic. (order info)

     Stiglmayer, Alexandra (1994) Mass Rape - The War Against Women in Bosnia and
     Herzegovina Lincoln. University of Nebraska Press.

     Based on Stiglmayer's 1993 book Massenvergewaltigung--Krieg Gegen die Frauen,
     translated from German. So far the only book in English to focus exclusively on rape in
     the Balkan War, with new and previously published essays by Ruth Seifert, Catharine
     MacKinnon, Susan Brownmiller, Rhonda Copelon, and others, and interviews with rape
     victims and some of the rapists. An international and collaborative effort strong on
     sociological and legal analysis.

     Sugarman, Martin A: (1993) God Be With You: War in Croatia and Bosnia and
     Herzegovina: Photographs. Malibu, California. Sugarman Productions.

     Thompson, Mark (1993) A Paper House - The Ending of Yugoslavia. New York.
     Pantheon Books.

     This writer journeyed through the Yugoslav lands in the late 1980's and witnessed the
     decline and fall of republics first hand.

     War Crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Volume I and II. Helsinki Watch.
     Call (212) 972-8400

     Witnesses of Existence: (1993) The Catalogue. Celje. The Obala Gallery Sarajevo.

     The "Witnesses of Existence" project was an exhibition based on installations
     produced by a group of artists from Sarajevo. This catalogue covers the works of
     Sarajevo's artists who were invited by Obala Gallery to pay tribute to their own
     destroyed exhibition hall. Eight one-man shows were staged (artists: Nusret Pasic,
     Zoran Bogdanovic, Ante Juric, Petar Waldegg, Mustafa Skopljak, Edo Numankadic,
     Sanjin Jukic and Radoslav Tadic) and a group exhibition was held on April 24, 1993 in
     the destroyed gallery space (former movie-theater "Sutjeska" and Red Cross
     building). The exhibition was the official representative of the Bosnia and Herzegovina
     at the 45th Venice Biennial and it was invited to the Edinburgh Fringe Festival (Richard
     DeMarco Gallery). Despite the efforts of the Bosnian government and the organizers
     the artists failed to obtain the UN permission to leave the city. The exhibition was
     finally staged at the Kunsthalle, New York, from February 2nd to April 3rd, 1994.
 
 

Ethnography
 

     Anthropology of East Europe Review (journal).

     This journal is a publication of the East European Anthropology Group (EEAG), and
     international network of anthropologists working in Central and Eastern Europe and in
     the Post-Soviet Regions of Europe and Asia. The journal published two special theme
     issues on former Yugoslavia: War Among Yugoslavs and Refugee Women of the
     Balkans. AAER main www address is here.

     Balch, Emily Greene: (1969 [1910]) Our Slavic Fellow Citizens. New York. Arno
     Press and The New York Times. [part of The American Immigration Collection,
     originally published by Charities Publication Committee, New York 1910]

     Bringa, Tone: (1995) Being Muslim the Bosnian Way: Identity and Community in a
     Central Bosnian Village. Princeton. Princeton University Press.

     One of the rare solidly grounded ethnographic accounts on contemporary (1987-1988)
     Bosnia. The author focuses on religion as the defining characteristic of identity and
     pays particular attention to the roles that women play in defining Muslim identities.
     Bringa examines the importance of the household as an identity sphere and
     demonstrates how family, marriage, and kinship networks emerge as the repository of
     social values in Bosnian society, shaping and constraining wider political and social
     identities. Bringa's analysis is particularly suggestive for the study of national politics --
     her account offers an understanding for the possibility of a "national contests" in which
     a local understandings and practices of ethical and social conducts may collapse. In
     this book Bringa also illuminates some of the larger issues of what constitutes
     "nationality" and indirectly offers suggestions for how these broken ties might one day
     be restored (281 + xiii pg.).

     Ceh, Nick & Harder, Jeff: (1996): The Golden Apple: War and Democracy in Croatia
     and Bosnia. [East European Monographs #450]. Boulder. (Distributed by) Columbia
     University Press.

     This book originated from the documentary "The Golden Apple" (production Ceh and
     Harder, 1994.) Its main "purpose" is to provide a non-official forum for peoples from
     Bosnia and Croatia to share their experiences and thoughts about the war in
     ex-Yugoslavia. The book uses open-ended interviews -- the questions are general and
     the interviewers could discuss what interested them the most, instead of being limited
     by specific questions. Through these interviews, through the voices of Croatian and
     Bosnian workers, professionals and intellectuals The Golden Apple provides the reader
     with specific insights into the war. In their foreword Ceh and Harder write: "Most of
     the individuals in this book cry out for peace, justice and coexistence, though many
     want Serbian tears and blood to flow before all can be well again." Black and white
     photos. (pg. 136 + vii)

     Hangi, Antun: (1990 [1906]): Zivot i Obicaji Muslimana [Muslim's Life and Customs].
     Sarajevo. Svjetlost.

     Kremensek, Slavko: (1983) On the Fringe of the Town. In Urban Life in
     Mediterranean Europe. (Kenny, Michael and Kertzer, David, eds.) pp. 282-299.
     Chicago. University of Illinois Press.

     Lockwood, William: (1975a) European Muslims: Economy and Ethnicity in Western
     Bosnia. New York. Academic Press.

     One of the first detailed ethnographies of the Bosnian village. The main focus of this
     study is a village of Planinica (near Bugojno), the connections villagers have among
     each other and with the weekly market in Bugojno, and the ways in which different
     "social variables" influence these connections. Lockwood points that the integration
     between different ethnic groups is restricted to a mere functional articulation between
     the parts (market exchange) and that the three separate Little Traditions (Croat-ness,
     Muslim-ness and Serb-ness) have persisted within the new socialist system even
     though they are superimposed on the same and rather limited geographical location.
     He points as well that although traditional ties of integration have been substituted by
     new systems (the army, industrialization, work in towns and abroad) this change is
     much more obvious and for real in the more developed and industrialized areas
     (cities) than in the traditional peasant market place where member of different ethnic
     groups most often meet each other. Some tables (local census, market products and
     prices...) and black & white photos. (pg. 242.)

     Lockwood, William: (1975b) Social Status and Cultural Change in a Bosnian Muslim
     Village. East European Quarterly. pp. 123 - 135. Vol. 9:2.

     Lockwood, Yvonne: (1983): Text and Context: Folksongs in a Bosnian Muslim
     Village. Ohio. Slavica Publishers.

     This study of lyric folksongs performance was conducted in 1966-68 (parallel to
     William Lockwood study of Planinica). It is an attempt to understand the function and
     role of songs and their relationship to the social structure of Bosnian Muslim village.
     Lockwood points out that the song texts document both a way of life of the past, and a
     new life-styles of the contemporary (1968) life. This study concentrates on females
     and the ways in which song performance reinforces gender and/or ethnic unity, and
     how these performances differ from those of the same songs performed by males.
     Appendix I presents texts of songs from Planinica (362!!), appendix II supplements this
     information with texts of songs from nearby villages (136) and Appendix III gives
     music transcriptions of selected songs (33). The book is unfortunately out-of-print.
     (pg. 220)

     Maners, Lynn: (1993) The Bosnians: An Introduction to Their History and Culture.
     Washington. CAL The Refugee Service Center. [Fact Sheet #8].

     McDonald, Sharon (ed.): (1993) Inside European Identities: Ethnography in
     Western Europe. Providence. Berg Publishers.

     Simic, Andrei: (1973) The Peasant Urbanites: A Study Of Rural-Urban Mobility in
     Serbia. New York. Seminar Press.

     Simic has drawn a very close sketch of what happens to human when s/he is moved
     wholesale from his peasant origins to the confusion and grind of city (Belgrade) life,
     when her/his political and economic world is turned upside down. Like Adamic's this is
     a tale of a native's return, however, the city itself, and not all of the country, is seen
     and examined as a focus of socio-political and economic powers, and as an agent of
     the socio-economic change. This particular investigation of the personal consequences
     of rural-urban migration contributes to the knowledge of ex-Yugoslavia in general and
     to the knowledge of social mobility and modernization in particular. Includes statistical
     data on rural-urban migration, characteristics of the ethnographic sample (appendix
     I), a comparison of incomes and prices (appendix II), the glossary of useful terms,
     and some black&white photos. Useful bibliography of primary and secondary sources.
     (pg. 180 + xviii).
 
 

     Travelogues
 

     Adamic, Louis: (1934) The Native's Return: An American Immigrant Visits Yugoslavia
     and Discovers His Old Country (fully illustrated). New York. Harper and Brothers.

     Adamic's discovery of his old country is not only an interesting testimony and a
     valuable contribution to our knowledge of ex-Yugoslavia in the 1930ies -- it is also
     clearly written and convincing account of an insider who, as an "American", observes
     and reflects on the customs and peoples he meets. His description of a "Village of
     Lonely Women" (Galithcnik, Macedonia) or the story of the "Epic of Kosovo" are sharp
     and at the same time subtle observation and critique of that time socio-economic
     circumstances. Easy reading. (pg. 370 + 2 + black&white photos).

     Bailey, William: (1917) The Slavs of the War Zone. London. Chapman and Hall, Ltd.

     In his preface to the first edition of this book Bailey writes: "My desire is to give a vivid
     and accurate account of the countries in which these Slavs races dwell -- to give a
     description of their habits and customs: of how they live at home, among their
     neighbors, and in their market-places; of their dresses..., their songs and their
     dances..., of their political, national and religious aspirations..." This travelogue of
     "Eastern Europe" (its first VIII chapters cover Poland, Czechs and Slovaks Republic,
     Vienna and Budapest) contains not only ethnographic accounts but also honest and
     precise descriptions of political and national circumstances that were present in that
     time "Eastern Europe" and had direct impact on the lives of its peoples. If there are
     chapters that deserve special attention than maybe: "Across the Mountains of the
     Karst" (ch. X), "Belgrade: The Gateway to the East" (ch. XII), and "Sarajevo: The City
     of the Great War" (ch. XV). Some excellent photographies. (pg. 261 + black&white
     photos).

     Creagh, James: (1876) Over the Border of Christendom and Eslamiah: a Journey
     Through Hungary, Slabonia, Serbia, Bosnia, Herzegobina, Dalmatia, and Montenegro,
     to the North of Albania. London. published by Samuel Tinsley.

     de Asboth, J.: (1890) Bosnia and Herzegovina. London. unknown publisher.

     Evans, Arthur: (1877 [1971]) Through Bosnia and Herzegovina on Foot During the
     Insurrection, August and September 1875. New York. Arno Press and the New York
     Times.

     "Armed" with an autographed letter from the Vali Pasha (that time Governor-General
     of Bosnia and Commander-in-Chief of Turkish armed forces) Evans traveled through
     the "rebellious" country in 1875 and left us one of the best travelogues of Bosnia just
     before the annexation. The book opens with a historical review of Bosnia (100+
     pages!) that shows not only the "objective" historical events but Brits' understandings
     of the Balkans politics as well. This history is of course subjective, however, it is
     thorough and reveals some usually forgotten specifics of the Bosnian past. The book
     can be read not only as a travelogue but rather as an evidence of time in which the
     West and the East met and clashed in both cultural and political terms. The critiques
     of this book were published in that time (1877) Science, The Guardian, The London
     Times and The Morning Post. Excellent illustrations (58) by the author. (pg. 445 + civ).

     Thomson, C. Harry: (1897) The Outgoing Turk: Impressions of a Journey Through
     the Western Balkans. New York. D. Appleton and Company.

     The title of this book refers to "Osmanli officials... the Pashas and Turkish officials,
     one and all, bag and baggage, [who] have been cleared out" with the arrival of
     Austro-Hungary to Bosnia in 1878. The book describes less known part of the old and
     new governments: the gendarmerie and the police, the establishment of the railway
     system, gives some statistical data on Bosnia before the occupation and some
     statistics of crime and violence, describes the forest exploitation and the tobacco
     plantations and girl labor (!), the increase of population... It also gives some
     description of "Spanish Jews", of similarities of customs between the "Mahommedans"
     and the "Christians" all intertwined with personal histories of both the
     "Mahommedan's" and the "Christian's" individuals. Book ends with review of general
     British policy in the Balkans and with some thoughts on political and social prospect of
     the area of ex-Yugoslavia with respect to the interests of the Ottoman Empire, Russia
     and European Powers. (pg. 281 + xxi).
 
 

     Migration and Refugees
 

     Denich, Bette: (1970) Migration and Network Manipulation in Yugoslavia. In
     Migration and Anthropology. (Spencer. Robert ed.) pp. 1-5. Seattle. American
     Ethnological Society.

     This article examines the peasant's utilization of the social-networks as they move
     from rural to urban environments. Denich shows that the manipulation of these social
     ties (locality, kinship...) is a crucial part of process in which villagers make the
     decision to migrate, settle in town, and then adjust themselves to unfamiliar urban
     conditions. The article raises questions about how and why people orient to changing
     circumstances and innovations in their life, and, proposes that migrants adapt not only
     to the new but to the in-between position where adaptation to, and appropriation of,
     the new identities and values is inevitable.

     Denich, Bette: (1976) Urbanization and Women's Roles. Anthropological Quarterly.
     pp.: 11-19. Vol. 49: 1.

     Dumon, A. Wilfried: (1976) Family Integration and Reunion. International Migration.
     pp.: 53-83. Vol. 14: 1/2.

     Fuchs, Lawrence: (1990) The American Kaleidoscope: Race, Ethnicity and the Civic
     Culture. Middletown. Wesleyan University Press.

     Gordon, M. Milton: (1964) Assimilation in American Life: the Role Of Race, Religion
     and National Origins. New York. Oxford University Press.

     Grinberg, Leon and Grinberg, Rebeca: (1984) Psychoanalytic Perspectives on
     Migration and Exile. New Haven. Yale University Press.

     Halpern, Joel: (1975) Some Perspectives on Balkan Migration Patterns (with
     particular reference to Yugoslavia). In Migration and Urbanization: Models and
     Adaptive Strategies. (DuToit and Safa, eds.) pp. 77 - 115. The Hague. Mouton.

     Hirschman, Charles: (1995) Problems and Prospects of Studying Immigrant
     Adaptation from the 1990 Population Census: From General Comparison to the
     Process of "Becoming American". International Migration Review. pp.: 690-713. Vol.
     24: 4.

     Kasdan, Leonard: (1970) Introduction. In Migration and Anthropology. (Spencer,
     Robert, eds.) pp. 1-5. Seattle. American Ethnological Society.

     Meznaric, Silva: (1986) Bosanci. A Kuda Idu Slovenci Nedjeljom? [Bosnians. And
     Where Are Slovenes on Sundays?]. Ljubljana. KRT. [language: Slovene]

     This sociological study of Bosnian migrants in Slovenia is in a way a response to the
     short documentary movie "A Ticket in One Direction" (Vuksanovic, Mladen, RTV
     Sarajevo, 1982). The book is at the same time a collection of interviews with Bosnian
     migrants in Slovenia, a collection of observations of Bosnian migrants by Slovene
     sociology's students, and, a dialogue between the two somewhat separate yet
     "compatible" voices. "Bosanci..." brings to light some of the basic facts and findings or
     research on immigration to Slovenia in this period (1975-1983). The book also
     suggests some tentative approaches in the methodology of sociological research in the
     field of migration, and, indicates some implications for further research and policies in
     the domain of inter-state migration. (230 pg. abstract in English).

     Oliver-Smith, Anthony and Hansen, Art: (1982) Involuntary Migration and
     Resettlement: Causes and Context. In Involuntary Migration and Resettlement: The
     Problems and Responses of Dislocated People. (Hansen, Art and Oliver-Smith,
     Anthony eds.) pp. 1-12. Boulder. Westview.

     Prins, S.: (1955) The Individual in Flight. In Flight and Resettlement. (Murphy, H.,
     ed.) pp. 25-32. Lucerne. UNESCO.

     Simic, Andrei: (1974) Urbanization and Cultural Process in Yugoslavia.
     Anthropological Quarterly. pp. 211-227. 42.

     Simic, Andrei: (1983) Urbanization and Modernization in Yugoslavia: Adaptive and
     Maladaptive Practices. In Urban Life In Mediterranean Europe: Anthropological
     Perspectives. (Kenny, Michael and Kertzer, David, eds.) pp. 203-225. Chicago.
     University of Illinois Press.

     Written in 1983 this article poses a number of questions regarding the direction of
     urbanization and modernization in the world in general and ex-Yugoslavia in
     particular. Simic points that the case of ex-Yugoslavia's urbanization and
     modernization is of particular interest for the cross-cultural understanding of the
     change in the lives of peasants into an urban proletariat. He also suggests that many
     of the common held "rationalistic" goals of modernization can be seen as maladaptive
     in terms of human non-material needs and proposes that the traditional values
     associated with kinship and locality may have been a significant impediment to
     socialistic development in general and individual's understandings of ex-Yugoslavia's
     national cultures in particular.
 

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