Time In Psychiatric Hospitals Break Through

1772
Dr. Benjamin Rush
Introduced a medical and humanistic approach to mental illness in the United States.

1938
Dr. Ugo Cerletti
Introduced using electronic shocks for the treatment of many severe mental disorders.

1944
Introduced lobotomy , which was surgical procedure in which the connections to and from prefrontal cortex are severed.

1948
Drs. Walter Freeman and James W. Watts
They refined procedures to improve surgical procedures. 

1950s
psychiatric hospitals began to use stimulants, tranquilizers, and vitamin therapies to treat patients

1970s
Outpatient care toward more group-oriented psychotherapy programs,

Types of psychiatric hospital

Crisis stabilization
Crisis stabilisation unit are emergency room for mental disorders. Because involuntary commitment laws in many jurisdictions require a judge to issue a commitment order within a short time often 72 hours of the patient's entry to the unit and because moving a severely mentally ill patient can be extremely dangerous, especially as patients may try to harm themselves or others, many of these stabilisation units have conference rooms which are used as courtrooms for emergency commitment procedures.

Open units
They are not used for acutely suicidal persons; the focus in these units is to make life as normal as possible for patients while continuing treatment to the point where they can be discharged. However, patients are usually still not allowed to hold their own medications in their rooms, because of the risk of an impulsive overdose. While some open units are still physically unlocked, other open units still use locked entrances and exits. This is to keep patients from escaping, which may be described as leaving without being discharged from the unit.