Program Models for Second Language Learners

You will now read about how instructional programs can be organized for ESOL students.  Study the chart below titled, "Program Models for Second Language Learners." Note that the top of the page describes ESOL Models and the bottom describes Bilingual Models.
 

Program Models for Second Language Learners
Program Model	Short Description	Classroom Composition	Instructional Objectives
ESOL Models	The language of instruction is English.
1. Mainstream Classes (inclusion)	Mainstream classes with teacher using ESOL strategies	Native English-speakers with some ESOL students	Academic content, e.g., science
2. Self-contained Classes (elementary) and Sheltered Classes (high school)	ESOL students are grouped in special classes so that the teacher can modify instruction/ curriculum to meet their needs, e.g., 2nd grade ESOL self-contained; Sheltered Science, ESOL English	100% ESOL students	Both academic content and development of English as a second language
* 3. ESOL Pullout	ESOL students leave their regular classes during language arts time to receive developmentally appropriate language arts instruction in the ESOL classroom.	All are ESOL students in the pull-out class	Development of English as a second language through language arts
Bilingual Models
1. Two-way Bilingual Programs	English-speaking and LEP students are in the same class where some subjects are taught in English and other subjects are taught in the LEP students' L1	Half the students are English speakers and half are LEP students	Academic content and proficiency in two languages
2. Transitional Bilingual Programs	Some instruction is provided in L1 so that LEP students can progress academically while learning English; the goal is to support LEP students during their "transition" to an all-English program	All are LEP	Academic content and proficiency in English
3. Maintenance Programs	Some instruction is provided in L1 so that LEP students can "maintain" their L1 as well as learn English and academics.	All are LEP	Academic content, proficiency in English, and maintenance of L1

* Please note that ESOL instruction and language arts instruction are one in the same. The difference between ESOL instruction and language arts instruction is that ESOL strategies are used to make instruction comprehensible. Teachers should also note that they are responsible for teaching the same standards and content to ESOL students as to non-ESOL students.

** Please note that the majority of ESOL students in Florida are being taught in an ESOL model, not a bilingual model.  In fact, most are in an inclusion model.

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