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Publications About or Employing Horney

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From the 1992 IHKS Bulletin

Martin Birnbach, Neo-Freudian Social Philosophy (Stanford University Press, 1961; reissued 1978).

Birnbach's thesis is that "the Neo-Freudians make fresh proposals that accord with the needs of the present time, both socially and intellectually. Their writings contain a conception of man as he exists in our society, evidence of how he is formed by that society, and a social philosophy that does much to explain his behavior in a political or, if you like, a social context. Whether the truths they have uncovered will be valid for all eternity is not the issue. They may, however, be of guidance to social scientists in canvassing ideas in their respective fields of study. The present volume essays a synthesis and elucidation of their thoughts" (2). The theorists discussed include Fromm, Sullivan, Kardiner, Alexander, Lasswell, and Horney. The treatment of Horney is substantial, perceptive, and friendly.

Nancy Chodorow, Feminism and Psychoanalytic Thought (Yale University Press, 1989).

After having admittedly failed to appreciate Horney's contribution in her earlier writings, Chodorow pays this impressive tribute to the essays on feminine psychology:

Psychoanalytic feminism has a rather complex and sometimes underground prehistory, a prehistory which recent work on early women psychoanalysts helps us to excavate. I locate its political and theoretical origins with Karen Horney, a second-generation analyst whose early essays on femininity forcefully challenge Freud. Horney asserts a model of women with positive primary feminine qualities and self-valuation, against Freud's model of woman as defective and forever limited, and she ties her critique of both psychoanalytic theory and women's psychology to her recognition of a male-dominant society and culture. Horney's theories, and indeed the early psychoanalytic debates about femininity, do not seem to have made a major impact on mainstream psychoanalysis for many years; indeed, until the current revival of interest in female psychology sparked by the feminist movement and challenge. However, her theories form the basis, acknowledged or unacknowledged, for most of the recent revisions of psychoanalytic understandings of gender and for most psychoanalytic dissidence on the question of gender in the early period as well. (pp. 2-3)

Agnes N. O'Connell and N. F. Russo, Women in Psychology: A Bio-bibliographic Sourcebook (Greenwood, 1990).

Includes a chapter on Karen Horney written by Agnes O'Connell.

Agnes N. O'Connell and N. F. Russo, "The History of Women in Psychotherapy." In The History of Psychotherapy: A Century of Change (American Psychological Association, 1992).

The chapter cited includes a discussion of Karen Horney's work.

Bernard J. Paris, guest editor, Special Issue of The American Journal of Psychoanalysis on Interdisciplinary Applications of Horney. Volume 49, September 1989.

This issue begins with a survey of interdiciplinary applications of Horney by the guest editor. There are Horneyan essays on Antonio in The Merchant of Venice by Bernard Paris, on Mary Shelley's Frankenstein by Harry Keyishian, on Faulkner's Quentin Compson by Karen Ann Butery, on Lessing's The Good Terrorist by Patricia Eldredge, on "Female Relationality and the Idealized Self" by Marcia Westkott [Essay available on this site], and on "Young Man Johnson" by James R. Huffman. The issue concludes with "Godot and Gestalt" by Norman Friedman.

Bernard J. Paris, "A Horneyan Approach to Literature," American Journal of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 51 (1991) 319-337.

Using Crime and Punishment as its primary illustration, this essay shows how Horney theory can help us to analyze character and theme and the tensions between them, how it sheds light on narrative technique, and how it enables us to understand the relationship between literary plots and defensive strategies, to make inferences about authors from their creations, and to explore the ways in which the psychology of the reader influences both emotional and critical response.

Janet Sayers, Mothers of Psychoanalysis: Helene Deutsch, Karen Horney, Anna Freud, Melanie Klein (Norton, 1991)--published in England as Mothering Psychoanalysis.

Excerpt from letter from Bernard Paris to Jane Sayers, June 11, 1991:

I do have some reservations about your account of Horney that I want to express so that you can think about them if you have occasion to speak or write about her further. She did come to see her major problems as having derived from her relationship with her mother (though she liked to emphasize the entire family constellation), and she did shift the emphasis away from Freud's father-centered account of development. Sometimes I feel, however, that you invoke her experiences of being mothered, of being a mother, and of being regarded as a mother by her patients to explain too much, or to account for aspects of her thought in too general a way.

I feel that you understand least well and do least justice to her mature theory, which I greatly admire. It is not nearly as facilely optimistic and unaware of external conditions as you make it seem to be. In writing about Neurosis and Human Growth, you say: "Horney went on to focus again on the divorce of real and idealized self which she believed to be self-generated in defence against an also internally generated conflict between movement towards, against, and away from others" (137). I do not believe that this is correct, especially if you are suggesting the defensive moves are also self-generated. Horney did not abandon her derivation of neurosis from adverse conditions in childhood, as you suggest, though she did not see the recovery of childhood experience as the focus of therapy. Her point is that the adult structure is the evolved product of experience, rather than a mere repetition of early traumas and/or relationships, and that we can understand it without fully understanding its origin. A certain defense may have had its inception in early experiences with the mother, but it will then be subject to the influence of subsequent experiences and of other, conflicting, defenses, which may modify its character and its place in the total structure. Horney preferred to try to understand the adult's defense system, which she recognized to be the product of past interactions between the individual and his family, culture, friends, lovers, coworkers, etc.; and for that reason she invited people to focus on currently existing internal rather than past external causal factors. The adult has to work on the existing internal structure to understand how current behavior is generated by that structure, but this does not mean that the structure itself is ultimately self-generated. It is the product of past interactions between the individual and the environment, in which the individual's temperament is a variable.

Horney had a strong sense of the neurotic (including herself) as victim, but she also believed that blaming external factors won't get us anywhere (though it can help reduce self-hate) and that we have to accept the responsibility of working at ourselves if we are going to alleviate our difficulties. If you compare the claims for self-cure in Self-Analysis with her rather resigned sense in NHG of how difficult it is to give up the idealized image or to outgrow morbid dependency, even with the most determined effort, you will see that she became less rather than more optimistic.

After focusing on culture in her middle period, Horney turned to interpersonal relations and intrapsychic dynamics in her effort to understand and relieve individual suffering. This makes her less immediately useful for those who want to bring about social and cultural changes that will provide a more benign environment. Her mature theory can be put to such uses, however, even though she did not do it herself; and I do not think that she should be faulted for her focus on the individual. She was, after all, a therapist. John Stuart Mill speaks of the limitations of the poor human mind that can only see one thing at a time clearly. I think that Horney saw some things very clearly indeed. One of the things she saw was that wherever her problems originated, they were now inside of herself, and she had to take responsibility for trying to alleviate them. Without denying that women have had a very bad deal, she would not want her patients to fail to see that this has done bad things to them that it is up to them to try to correct. It is true that, after a point, she was not much interested in social action, which is important to provide a better environment for future generations; but I don't think she saw social action as the province of psychoanalysis or as the answer to her patients' difficulties. Feminists owe Horney a lot, I think, but often, after acknowledging that, they wind up complaining about what she didn't do or her lack of political correctness.

I am very pleased to have your treatment of Horney in print, and I shall draw upon it with gratitude. . . . As you show, Horney was ahead of her time in many, many ways, and there are striking parallels between her ideas and those of later workers whose ideas have received more respect.

Robert Tucker, Stalin in Power: The Revolution from Above, 1928-1941 (Norton, 1990).

This book, like the first volume of Professor Tucker's biography, Stalin as Revolutionary, employs Horney theory in its explanation of Stalin's character and behavior. Professor Tucker is working at present on the concluding volume of his trilogy. [See Professor Tucker's "A Stalin Biographer's Memoir," posted on this site]

FROM THE 1994 IKHS BULLETIN

Diego Garofalo, Ph.D., is the author of a text-book on K. Horney's theory: La psicoanalisi interpersonale. Introduzione all'opera di Karen Horney (C.L.E.U.P., Padova 1979), and of a forthcoming volume on Neofreudians (Kardiner, Sullivan, Thompson, Fromm, Horney): I Neofreudiani e il disagio della civilita contemporanea. Introduzione alla psicoanalisi della cultura e della societa.

Nathan Horwitz, "A Horneyan Analytic Perspective on Couple Therapy: A Case Study" in The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 54, No. 3 (September, 1994), 203-218.

James R. Huffman, "A Horneyan Approach to American Literature" in Dionysus in Literature: Essays on Literary Madness, ed. Branimir Rieger, Popular Press, 1994.

Harry Keyishian, The Shapes of Revenge: Victimization, Vengeance, and Vindictiveness (Humanities Press, 1994). Although this book focuses on Renaissance concepts of revenge and their embodiment in literature, it was partially inspired by Professor Keyishian's knowledge of Karen Horney's ideas about vindictiveness, which are borne out in Renaissance psychology.

Sharna Olfman, "Gender, Patriarchy and Women's Mental Health: Psychoanalytic Perspectives," in the Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 2., No. 2 (Summer, 1984). The essay discusses Horney, Dinnerstein, and Chodorow.

Bernard Paris, Karen Horney: A Psychoanalyst's Search for Self-Understanding (Yale, 1994).

Bernard Paris, "Marlow's Transformation" (on Heart of Darkness), The Aligarh Journal of English Studies, Vol 15 (1993), 65-72.

Michelle Price, "The Impact of Incest on Identity Formation in Women," The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 21, No. 2 (Summer, 1993), 213-228.

Michelle Price, "Incest and the Idealized Self: Adaptations in Childhood Sexual Abuse," The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 54, No. 1 (March, 1994), 21-38.

FROM THE 1995 IKHS BULLETIN

Claudia Bepko applies Horney theory to the treatment of alcoholism and alcoholic families in The Responsibility Trap.

Ineke Bockting, Character and Personality in the Novels of William Faulkner: A Study in Psycholinguistics. University Press of America, 1995.

Ruth Carver Capasso, "Sun, Veil and Maze: Mlle de Scudèry's Parthenie," Papers on French Seventeenth Century Literature 20 (1993), 97-111.

E. Tory Higgens explores the Horneyan distinction between the ideal and the actual self in an essay in Social Cognition 3: 51-76.

Kristin Lauer, "Is This Indeed 'Attractive'? Another Look at the "Beatrice Palmato' Fragment," The Edith Wharton Review 11 (1994): 26-29.

Bernard Paris, "Pulkheria Alexandrovna and Raskolnikov, My Mother and Me," in Self-Analysis and Literary Study, ed. Daniel Rancour-Laferrier. NYU Press, 1994, 111-128. [Essay available on Bernard Paris website]

Bernard Paris, "Petruchio's Taming of Kate: A Horneyan Perspective," American Journal of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 54 (1994), 339-334.

Floyd W. Rudmin, "Gender Differences in the Semantics of Ownership," Journal of Economic Psychology 15 (1994), 487-510.

Mark Taylor, "Farther Privileges: Conflict and Change in Measure for Measure," Philological Quarterly 73 (1994, 169-93.

Wenja You, "A Horneyan Analysis of Lao Li in Lao She's Divorce," Chinese Culture 36 (1995), 89-99.

FROM THE 1997 IKHS BULLETIN

Morely Segal, Points of Influence: A Guide to Using Personality Theory at Work. Jossey-Bass, 1996. "With brief introductions to the key personality theorists who have had the most profound influence on the study of motivation, Morely Segal shows how each theory can help managers gain a better understanding of human behavior, take action to influence behavior, increase their own personal self-awareness, and expand their managerial skills." There is a substantial chapter on Horney.

ADDITIONS -- 2001

Johanna Ghei, An Analysis of the Emergence and Development of the Concept of the Real Self in the Writings of Karen Horney. University of Wisconsin Dissertation, 1993. Available through UMI Dissertation Information Service.

Milton M. Berger, editor, Women Beyond Freud: New Concepts of Feminine Psychology. Brunner/Mazel, 1994.

Containing contributions by Milton Berger, Susan Quinn, Marianne Horney Eckhardt, Douglas Ingram, Helen Singer Kaplan, Harold I. Lief, Jean Baker Miller, Carol Gilligan, Silvia W. Olarte, and Mario Rendon, this volume honors Karen Horney's work in the field of feminine psychology. It is based on an historic meeting, attended by over 2,000 mental health professionals, marking the 50^th anniversary of the founding of the Karen Horney Psychoanalytic Center.

The following essays in the collection have particular relevance to Karen Horney:

Milton M. Berger, Introduction and Epilogue

Susan Quinn, "Awaken to Life: Sources of Independence in the Girlhood of Karen Horney."

Marianne Horney Eckardt, "Karen Horney's Feminine Psychology and the Passions of Her Time."

Douglas Ingram, Discussion of the Papers by Susan Quinn and Marianne Horney Eckardt.

Claudio Naranjo, Character and Neurosis: An Integrative Approach, Gateways, 1994.

This book is dedicated to the memory of Karen Horney and contains many references to her contribution.

The American Journal of Psychoanalysis

Karen Horney was the founding editor of this Journal, which is published by the Association for the Advancement of Psychoanalysis. Over the years, many Horneyan pieces have appeared in the journal, the following since 1994:

Andrew Gordon, "It's Not Such a Wonderful Life: The Neurotic George Bailey," 54 (1994): 219-33.

Michelle Price, Review of Karen Horney: A Psychoanalyst's Search for Self-Understanding, 55 (1995), 389-91.

Edward Clemmens, Review of Karen Horney: A Psychoanalyst's Search for Self-Understanding, 55 (1995), 391-93.

Bernard J. Paris, Response to Reviews of Karen Horney: A Psychoanalyst's Search for Self-Understanding, 56 (1996), 116-119.

Mario Rendon, Guest Editor, Vol. 56, No. 2 (June, 1996) on Karen Horney in Italy. These are papers from the IKHS International Conference in Rome, May, 1994. The following items of are particular relevance to Horney:

Bernard J. Paris, "Introduction to Karen Horney," 135-140

Guissepe Mccolis, "Sociocultural Influences in the Theory of Karen Horney," 141-48.

Vincent Morrone, "Progress, Process, and Change," 149-56.

Elio Lapponi, "Psychodynamic and Systemic Paradigms: An Attempted Integration in the Light of Personal Experience with Groups," 177-86.

Sandro Maiello, "Epistemological Contribution of the Horney Theory to Group Psychoanalysis," 187-92.

Diego Garofalo, "The Clinical Application of Karen Horney's Theory to Group Psychoanalysis," 193-202.

Fausto Rossano, "Psychoanalysis and Psychiatric Institutions: Theoretical and Clinical Spaces of the Horney Approach," 203-12.

Marcia Westkott, Mario Rendon, Bernard J. Paris, Nathan M. Horowitz, Jack Danielian, Summaries of Karen Horney's Major Works, 213-229.

Douglas Ingram, "Reassurance in Analytic Therapy," 57 (1997), 221-242. Discussions by Myron L. Glucksman and Edward R. Clemmens, 243-52.

Marianne Horney Eckardt, "The Changing Challenges in the Lives of Three Generations of Professional Women," 58 (1998), 351-60.

Deals with herself, her mother (Karen Horney), and her daughter.

Marcia Westkott, "Horney, Zen, and the Real Self," 58 (1998), 287-302.

Edward B. Katz, "Self-Esteem: The Past of an Illusion," 58 (1998), 303-16.

Zoltan Morvay, "Horney, Zen, and the Real Self," 59 (1999), 25-36.

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney's Vision of the Self," 59 (1999), 157-66. Responses by Althea Horner (167-70) and Douglas Ingram (175-80). [Essay available on this site]

Bernard J. Paris, "Middlemarch Revisited: Changing Responses to George Eliot," 59 (1999), 237-56. [Available online as part of the 2000 issue of PSYART]

Abstract: In Experiments in Life: George Eliot's Quest for Values (1965), I subscribed to George Eliot's beliefs and saw her characters in terms of her own interpretations and judgments, as I understood them. I have subsequently come to feel that Eliot's philosophy has serious deficiencies and to perceive her characters as brilliant mimetic creations who subvert their formal and thematic roles when we analyze their psychology. Focusing on Dorothea Brooke, this essay compares my past and present readings, tries to explain why my responses have changed, and argues that George Eliot's Religion of Humanity, which Dorothea exemplifies, is a celebration of what Karen Horney describes as the self-effacing solution. George Eliot shows us the destructiveness of this solution, with its compulsively self-sacrificial behavior, but since she employs the solution herself, her rhetoric glorifies it as a sign of moral grandeur.

Douglas Ingram, The Hofgeismar Lectures: A Contemporary Overview of Horneyan Psychoanalysis," 61 (2001), 113-42.

Nathan Horowitz, "Why Do People Stay in Hateful Relationships? The Concept of Malignant Vindictiveness," 61 (2001), 143-60. Discussion by Ann-Marie Paley (161-64).

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney: A Bibliography of Her Writings," 61 (2001), 165-72.

Other relevant publications:

There have been Russian translations of Feminine Psychology (1993) and Neurosis and Human Growth (1997) published by the East European Institute for Psychoanalysis in St. Petersburg, Russia.

There have been Chinese translations of New Ways in Psychoanalysis (1999), Our Inner Conflicts (1998), and Neurosis and Human Growth (1996), published by the Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House. SLAPH has also published Chinese translations of Bargains with Fate: Psychological Crises and Conflicts in Shakespeare and His Plays and Karen Horney: A Psychoanalyst's Search for Self-Understanding by Bernard Paris.

There has been a German translation of Karen Horney: A Psychoanalyst's Search for Self-Understanding, published by Kore Verlag, Freiburg, 1996.

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney Contre Sigmund Freud: Ane Théorie Structurelle de la Nérvose," L'Evolution Psychiatrique, 62 (1997), 617-27.

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney and Humanistic Psychoanalysis," Personality and Personal Growth, Fourth edition, ed. James Fadiman and Robert Frager. Longman, 1998, pp. 157-90. [Chapter available on this site]

Renate Horney (Patterson), Lazarus, What's Next? Lauren Press, Laguna Beach, CA., 1999.

This delightful memoir contains many stories about Renate's life with her mother, Karen Horney. [Prologue and Chapter 1 available on this site]

Patricia Eldredge, "Marlene, Maggie Thatcher, and the Emperor of Morocco: The Psychic Structure of Caryl Churchill's Top Girls," in Psychoanalyses/Feminisms, Ed. Peter Rudnystky and Andrew Gordon, State University of New York Press, 2000, pp. 71-84. Uses Horney.

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney: The Three Phases of Her Thought," Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology, Vol. 4. American Psychological Association and Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2000, pp. 163-79.

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney," Encyclopedia of Psychology, Oxford University Press, 2000, 161-63.

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney," Dictionnaire de la Psycanalyse, Calmann-Levy (Paris), 2001.

Jerome Wagner, "Karen Horney Meets the Enneagram," Enneagram Monthly, 71 (April 2001), 8-12. [Essay available on this site]

Anna Bernet, "The Unknown Karen Horney: Her Influence on Perls and Its Implications for Gestalt Therapy," Australian Gestalt Journal, GANZ 2000 Conference issue, 4 (2001), pp. 33-47.

Diego Garofalo, Analisi di guppo: La prospettiva interpersonale di Karen Horney, EDUP, 2001. See Bulletin Board (Horney in Italy) for description.

Suzanne Raitt, "Karen Horney," American Cultural Theorists, ed. Paul Hansom (Vol. 246 of the Dictionary of Literary Biography), in press.

Bernard J. Paris, "Karen Horney," The Freud Encyclopedia, Garland Publishing Co. In press.

Marcus Wiesner, Ph.D. <wiesnerphd@aol.com> has written a Horneyan study of Adolph Hitler that is appearing as a two-part essay in Mentalities/Mentalités, an international interdisciplinary journal (edited by Dr. Norman Simms, English Dept., University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand). Part I is in Volume 16 (2001), 29-48. Dr. Wiesner has provided the following abstract:

According to Karen Horney, an individual's neurotic "search for glory" can have the intensity of the most elemental of human drives. This study compares Horney's observations of patients, particularly those having arrogant-vindictive character trends, with the known facts of Hitler's life. Finding a close match over the course of Hitler's life, the study argues that Hitler can be viewed as a "destruction artist," with his failure to find success in the artistic realm as the source of his relentless enmity toward Jews and the reason he moved to the political arena, where his need to triumph over other mercilessly was a pathological manifestation of his search for glory.

Dr. Wiesner is a psychologist who has been trained in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. He maintains a private practice in Montclair, New Jersey.

[See Bulletin Board for updated information about Dr. Weisner’s study.]

ADDITIONS--2004 (this includes some earlier items that were not listed before)

Peg LeVine, “Influence of Morita Therapy on Karen Horney’s Final Analysis.” Australian Psychologist, 29, 1994, 153-57.

Patsy Ann Watts, Representing the Marginalized: A Horneyan Analysis of Psychological Defenses in Thomas Dekker’s Citizen and Domestic Drama. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Solcial Sciences, Vol. 55, 1995, 2410.

Robin L. Benton, The Prophetic Voice of Karen Horney in the Evolution of Psychoanalytic Female Developmental Theory: From Freud to Contemporary Revisionists. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, Vol. 55, 1995, 3990.

Robert C. Leslie, “Karen Horney and Viktor Franl: Optimists in Spite of Everything.” International Forum for Logotherapy, Vol. 19, 1996, 23-28.

Marcia Westkott, “Karen Horney’s Encounter with Zen.” In Janet Jacobs, Donald Capps, Eds, Religion, Society, and Psychoanalysis: Readings in Contemporary Theory, 71-89.

Michelle Price, “Karen Horney’s Counterdiscourses: Contemporary Implications.” In Paul Marcus and Alan Rosenberg, Eds., Psychoanalytic Versions of the Human Condition: Philosophies of Life and Their Impact on Practice. NYU Press, 1998, 94-116.

Paula Hope Durham, Patriarchy and Self-Hate: Mary Daly’s Psychological Assessment of Patriarchal Religion Appraised and Critiques in the Context of Karen Horney’s Psychoanalytic Theory. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, Vol. 58, 1998, 3953.

Kenneth Eisold, “The Splitting of the New York Psychoanalytic Society and the Construction of Psychoanalytic Authority.” International Journal of Psychoanalysis,79, 1998: 871-885.

Frederick L. Coolidge, Candace J. Moor, and Tomoko G. Yamazaki, “On the Relationship between Karen Horney’s Tripartite Neurotic Type Theory and Personality Disorder Features.” Personality and Individual Differences, 30, 2001: 1387-1400.

Cooper, Terry Don, The Over-Valued and Under-valued Self: Pride and Self-Contempt in the Thought of Reinhold Nieburr, Carl Rogers, and Karen Horney. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A, 2001, 1866.

Inge Seiffge-Krenke and Susanna Hiltrud, “The Body in Adolescent Diaries: The Case of Karen Horney.” Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 57, 2002: 400-410.

Michelle Price Miletic, “The Introduction of a Feminine Psychology to Psychoanalysis: Karen Horney’s Legacy.” Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 38, 2002: 287-299.

Jane Flax, “Resisting Women: On Feminine Difference in the Work of Horney, Thompson, and Moulton.” Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 38, 2002: 257-276.

Books By Bernard Paris About Or Employing Horney

Bernard J. Paris, A Psychological Approach to Fiction: Studies in Thackeray, Stendhal, George Eliot, Dostovesky, and Conrad.
Indiana University Press, 1974.
Out of print. Available online: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/tc/psa/UF00001617
Book Description (Bernard Paris website)

Bernard J. Paris, Character and Conflict in Jane Austen's Novels: A Psychological Approach
Wayne State University Press, 1978
Harvester Press, 1979
Out of print. Available online: http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/tc/psa/UF00001616
Book Description

Bernard J. Paris, Third Force Psychology and the Study of Literature (editor)
Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1986
In print.
Book Description

Bernard J. Paris, Bargains with Fate: Psychological Crises and Conflicts in Shakespeare and His Plays
Plenum Press, 1991
Out of print. Available online:
Book Description

Bernard J. Paris, Character as a Subversive Force in Shakespeare: The History and Roman Plays
Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1991
In print
Book Description

Bernard J. Paris, Karen Horney: A Psychoanalyst's Search for Self-Understanding
Yale University Press, 1994
In print (paperbound edition). Available in German and Chinese translations.
Book Description

Bernard J. Paris, Imagined Human Beings: A Psychological Approach to Character and Conflict in Literature
New York University Press, 1997
In print (paperbound edition)
Book Description

Nominated for a Gradiva Award
Preface, Chapters 1 & 2, and References posted on the Bernard Paris website. See Chapter 2 and References for applications of Horneyan theory to the study of literature.

Bernard J. Paris, ed. The Therapeutic Process: Essays and Lectures, by Karen Horney
Yale University Press, 1999
In print.
Book Description

Bernard J. Paris, ed. The Unknown Karen Horney: Essays on Gender, Culture, and Psychoanalysis, by Karen Horney
Yale University Press, 2000
In print
Book Description

Nominated for a Gradiva Award

Bernard J. Paris, Rereading George Eliot: Changing Perspectives on Her Experiments in Life
State University of New York Press, 2003
In print (paper and hardbound)
Book Description

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